Down syndrome is most common genetic disorder which affects every 650th child of average, and the reason for its creation is excess part or whole chromosome in cell core. There are a lot of evidence that Down syndrome has existed for more than 2000 years, but it was first described in the 19th century, while it was named after the English doctor John Langdon Down. The cause of trisomy 21 is still unknown, and it can happen to anyone, regardless of economic or social status, lifestyle or the health of the parents. Down syndrome can be recognized already at birth, however, a karyotype is used to establish the diagnosis. People with Down syndrome have certain characteristics that describe them and by which they are easy to recognize, some of them appear in a greater number of cases, while some are much less common. In addition to recognizable characteristics, Down syndrome with its characteristics also causes numerous additional diseases or conditions. There is no way to cure or prevent Down syndrome, but there are many ways to make life easier for such people. Due to the specificity of the disease, where each person has different characteristics, symptoms and conditions, it is important to individually adapt each kinesitherapy to a specific person. In addition to an individualized program, early intervention is essential for the greatest success of kinesitherapy. In addition to these two main factors, it is important to show understanding and patience through the kinesitherapy of people with Down syndrome.