The aim of this paper is to explain methodology of starting and acceleration in sprints and to show which are the most effective methods to improve them. Sprint is the form of the fastest natural human movement. It is a cyclical form of human movement consisting of repetitive running steps. It is just one form of complex motor ability related to speed. Although it seems like a simple activity, it is very demanding in terms of coordination and it is not easy to master. The main goal of the sprint is to achieve the maximum running speed in the shortest possible time and to maintain it for as long as possible. Maximum speed depends on a number of factors, some of which are related to morphological and physiological characteristics, energy mechanisms, gender, age, motor skills and so on. In addition to the above, the speed largely depends on the central nervous system. Lack of neuromuscular coordination is one of the limiting factors of speed, for i.e. higher running speed reduces the maintenance of optimal movement control. There are two directions in the methodology of maximum speed training and they are synthetic and analytical. In synthetic training method, the emphasis is placed on the development of speed as a whole and in analytical training method on separating it in individual components. The goal of both directions is aimed at achieving the maximum speed of movement and that fatigue does not limit its' realization. Speed training is based on the repetition method with maximal or submaximal intensity and the basic tendency of training is to try to set new and higher maximum speeds.