Title Diferencijalna analiza obrazaca doping ponašanja i prediktora doping ponašanja u različitim sportskim aktivnostima : doktorska disertacija
Author Jelena Rodek
Mentor Nataša Zenić - Sekulić (mentor)
Committee member Đurđica Miletić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee member Benjamin Perasović (član povjerenstva)
Committee member Nikola Rausavljević (član povjerenstva)
Committee member Ratko Katić (član povjerenstva)
Committee member Damir Sekulić (član povjerenstva)
Granter University of Split Faculty of Kinesiology Split
Defense date and country 2013-01-18, Croatia
Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline SOCIAL SCIENCES Kinesiology
Universal decimal classification (UDC ) 796/799 - Sport
Thesaurus (NSK Kontrolirani rječnik)
Doping u sportu
Istraživanje
Abstract Istraživanja koja se provode prepoznaju razliĉite faktore rizika, i faktore odvraćanja od doping
ponašanja u razliĉitim sportovima odnosno sportskim disciplinama. Osnovni cilj ovog rada
bio je utvrditi povezanost odabranih sociodemografskih, zdravstvenih i sportskih prediktora s
doping-faktorima u (1) sportovima visoke energetske zahtjevnosti (dizanje utega); (2)
sportovima visoke tehniĉke zahtjevnosti (sportovi s reketom); i (3) sportovima visoke taktiĉke
zahtjevnosti (jedrenje). Istraţivanje se sastojalo od tri studije, od kojih je svaka obraĊivala
pojedini sport. Uzorak ispitanika sastoji se od ukupno 293 sportaša, natjecatelja seniorskog
uzrasta (stariji od 18 godina). Ukupan uzorak ispitanika obuhvaća tri homogena subuzorka i
to: sportaše koji se natjeĉu u sportu visoke energetske zahtjevnosti (dizaĉi utega i powerlifting
sportaši; N=27); sportaše iz sportova visoke tehniĉke zahtjevnosti (tenis, stolni tenis,
badminton; N=188); te sportaše iz sportova visoke taktiĉke zahtjevnosti (jedrenje; N=78).
Ovo istraţivanje u stvari se sastoji od triju studija koje su se bavile problemom istraţivanja u
trima razliĉitim subuzorcima. Prvo istraţivanje bavi se dizaĉima utega (sportovi energetske
zahtjevnosti), drugo istraţivanje istražuje sportove s reketom (sportovi tehniĉke zahtjevnosti),
a treće je istraţivanje vezano uz sportaše iz sportova visoke taktiĉke zahtjevnosti (jedrenje). U
dizanju tega utvrĊena je izuzetno visoka konzumacija dopinga, kao što je bilo i oĉekivano,
dok je religioznost intepretirana kao protektivni faktor u smislu konzumiranju dopinga.
Sportski faktori (uspjeh i sl.) nisu se pokazali povezanima s doping ponašanjem. Nalazi
studije provedene na sportašima iz sportova s reketom sugeriraju da se najranjiviji subuzorak
sastoji od sportaša koji su snaţno uvjereni da je doping prisutan u njihovom sportu. U ovim
sportovima uoĉena je niska razina povjerenja sportaša u mišljenja trenera i lijeĉnika s obzirom
na pitanja o dopingu. U jedrenju je uoĉena izuzetno niska tendencija potencijalnog korištenja
dopinga, što je opravdalo dosadašnje stavove o jedrenju kao dopingom nekontaminiranom
sportu. Isto tako ova studija ukazala je na neispravnost stava da se prehrambena
suplementacija treba sagledavati kao moguća „ulaznica“ u doping ponašanje. MeĊutim,
potrebna su daljnja istraţivanja egzaktnih nutritivnih potreba tih sportaša. Takva analiza neće
samo osigurati detaljniji uvid u stvarnu nutritivnu potrebu i nuţnost NS, već takoĊer i
sprijeĉiti moguću zloupotrebu i prekomjernu potrošnju prehrambenih suplemenata.
Komparacijom rezultata studija postaje jasno kako se zloupotreba supstanci u sportu širi izvan
onih koje pospješuju sportsku izvedbu (primjerice visoka konzumacija alkohola u sportovima
s reketom). Ovi problemi trebaju se preciznije istraţiti budućim studijama, te, uz prikladnu
validaciju, inkorporirati u anti-doping intervencijske programe. Sliĉno suvremenim
programima prevencije droga koje danas ukljuĉuju supstance za pospješivanje izvedbe koje su
se proširile i meĊu generalnom populacijom, kao što su anaboliĉki steroidi, pragmatiĉka antidoping prevencija za sportaše trebala bi dosezati izvan uĉinaka za poboljšanje izvedbe te uzeti
u obzir sportaše kao pojednice koji postiţu izvrsne rezultate u sportu, ali isto tako i ţive ţivot
izvan sportske arene. Stoga se pragmatiĉka anti-doping politika treba proširiti kako bi se
inkorporirali napori za smanjenje kompromitirajućih i socijalnih i zdravstvenih posljedica
povezanih sa UZS sportaša, pored konvencionalne metode kontroliranja korištenja, te
nedavno nastalog pristupa suzbijanja nabave. To će pak pomoći u oslovljavanju trenutne antidoping edukativne kratkovidnosti koja se fokusira samo na korištenje supstanci u kontekstu sporta te zanemaruje što sportaši rade izvan sporta. Dok testiranje dopinga bazirano na detekciji mora odrţati taj fokus, anti-doping edukacijski programi imaju enorman potencijal
vidjeti šumu od drveća, dosegnuti izvan sporta i prevenirati doping radeći pozitivan utjecaj na životne izbore sportaša, oĉekivanja ishoda i životne ciljeve.
Abstract (english) Investigations performed so far recognize different protective and predictive factors of doping
behavior in sport and exercise. The aim of this research was to identify relationships between
different sociodemographic, health-related, and sport-factors; with doping factors in three
different types of sports; namely, highly energetic demanding sports (i.e. weightlifting),
highly technical demanding sports (i.e. racket sports), and highly tactical demanding sports
(i.e. sailing). The investigation comprised three separate studies, each one of them
investigating one of the sports. The sample of subjects included altogether 293 athletes, senior
level competitors (older than 18 years of age). In general the sample comprised three
homogenous sub-samples, namely, weightlifters (N = 27), racket sport athletes (table tennis,
tennis and badminton players; N = 188), and Olympic sailing athletes (N = 78). The first
investigation involved weightlifters where we should evidence high doping behavior. In this
investigation religiousness was interpreted as the most significant protective factor against
doping behavior, while sport factors are not found to be significantly related to doping. The
investigation which involved racket-sport athletes suggests the high risk of the doping
behavior among those athletes who perceive the doping behavior in their sport. We observed
low levels of athletes‟ trust in their coaches‟ and physicians‟ opinions on doping issues. This
is an issue which should be studied in future because the underlying cause has not studied so
far. Briefly, either athletes are not convinced of theirs‟ coaches‟/medics‟ expertise regarding
doping issues, and/or they do not believe in their good intentions. It is particularly important
as previous research has shown that with increased trust in coaches and physicians, the chance
that an athlete will use doping declines. As expected, the sailing is characteristics by low
likelihood of potential doping behavior, although the consumption of the dietary supplements
is high.
Substance misuse in sports spreads beyond those that enhance athletic performance. All of
these issues should be more precisely studied in future and, if appropriately validated,
incorporated into anti-doping intervention programmes. Similar to contemporary drug
prevention programmes that now include performance-enhancing drugs that have spread into
general population, such as anabolic steroids, pragmatic anti-doping prevention for athletes
should reach beyond performance-enhancing effects and consider athletes as individuals who
excel in a sport but also live a life beyond the sporting arena. Consequently, pragmatic antidoping policies should be expanded to incorporate efforts to reduce both social and health
compromising consequences associated with SUM by athletes alongside the conventional
method of controlling use and the recently emerging approach of suppressing the supply.
This, in turn, would help address the current anti-doping educational myopia that solely
focuses on substance use in a sporting context and disregards what athletes do outside of
sports. Whereas the detection-based doping testing must maintain this focus, anti-doping
educational programmes have an enormous potential to see the forest from the trees, reach
beyond sports and prevent doping by making a positive impact on athletes‟ lifestyle choices,
outcome expectations and life-goals.
Language croatian
URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:221:854301
Promotion 2020
Study programme Title: University postgraduate doctoral study of Kinesiology Study programme type: university Study level: postgraduate Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica znanosti, područje društvenih znanosti, polje kineziologija (doktor/doktorica znanosti, područje društvenih znanosti, polje kineziologija)
Type of resource Text
Extent 142 str.
File origin Born digital
Access conditions Open access
Terms of use
Created on 2017-05-12 09:34:30