Title Spolni dimorfizam : diplomski rad Title (english) Sexual Dimorphism : Master's Thesis Author Toma Radalj Mentor Nebojša Zagorac (mentor)Committee member Nebojša Zagorac (predsjednik povjerenstva)Committee member Marijana Čavala (član povjerenstva)Committee member Nataša Zenić - Sekulić (član povjerenstva)Committee member Josip Babin (član povjerenstva)Granter University of Split Defense date and country 2018-09-18, Croatia Scientific / art field, SOCIAL SCIENCES Abstract Dosadašnja istraživanja su pokazala da se spolni dimorfizam mora početi promatrati od samog početka nastajanja promjena u čovjekovu tijelu (dakle od samog začeća) jer do spolnog dimorfizma u sportu dolazi zbog psihosomatskih karakteristika pojedinca ovisno o spolu (i drugim čimbenicima). Spolni dimorfizam se najjednostavnije može definirati kao fenotipska razlika između muškaraca i žena. Osnovni čimbenici spolnog dimorfizma se mogu objasniti kroz antropološka obilježja, a antropološki status čine antropometrijske ili morfološke karakteristike, motoričke sposobnosti, funkcionalne sposobnosti, intelektualne ili spoznajne (kognitivne) sposobnosti, osobine ličnosti (konativne osobine), te socijalni status. Antropometrijske karakteristike (ili morfološke karakteristike) opisuju građu tijela, a procjenjuju se na osnovu morfološke antropometrije. Karakteristike su podložne promjenama tijekom rasta i razvoja uslijed mnogobrojnih unutarnjih (endogenih) čimbenika i vanjskih (egzogenih) čimbenika. Spolni dimorfizam nije izrazit prije puberteta za većinu morfoloških karakteristika, ali s hormonskim promjenama, koje će uvjetovati spolno sazrijevanje, počinju se razvijati različitosti pa time i različita sportska uspješnost. Nadalje, motoričke sposobnosti se mogu podijeliti na primarne i sekundarne. Primarne motoričke sposobnosti su koordinacija, brzina, preciznost, ravnoteža, snaga, gibljivost, a sekundarne motoričke sposobnosti služe za regulacije kretanja (izvođenje gibanja u prostoru i vremenu) i sposobnost energetske regulacije (optimalno korištenje energije tijekom aktivnosti). Istraživanja su pokazala da muškarci imaju veću sposobnost prenošenja kisika organizmom od žena sportašica, a razlog je u razlici razine hemoglobina kod spolova, stoga je sposobnost volumena unesenog kisika povećana kod muškaraca.
Abstract (english) Previous research has shown that observation of sexual dimorphism must begin from the very beginning of the change in the human body, because sexual dimorphism in sports comes from the psychosomatic characteristics of the individual depending on the sex (and other factors). Sexual dimorphism can most easily be defined as the phenotypic difference between men and women. The basic factors of sexual dimorphism can be explained through anthropological features, and the anthropological status consists of anthropometric or morphological characteristics, motor abilities, functional abilities, intellectual or cognitive skills, personality traits (conception features), and social status. Anthropometric characteristics (or morphological characteristics) describes the structure of the body, and are based on morphological anthropometry. Characteristics are subject to change during growth and development due to numerous internal (endogenous) factors and external (exogenous) factors. Sexual dimorphism is not pronounced before puberty for most morphological characteristics, but with hormonal changes, which will lead to sexual maturation, diversity begins to develop, and thus different sports success. Furthermore, motor skills can be divided into primary and secondary. Primary motor skills are coordination, speed, precision, balance, power, mobility, and secondary motor skills serve to regulate the movement (performing movements in space and time) and the ability of energy regulation (optimal use of energy during the activity). Research has shown that men have a higher ability to transmit oxygen to an organism than women athletes, and the reason for the difference is in hemoglobin levels in the sexes, therefore the volume capacity of the introduced oxygen is increased in men.
Keywords
spolni dimorfizam
sport
morfološke karakteristike
motoričke sposobnosti
Keywords (english)
sexual dimorphism
sport
morphological characteristics
motor skills
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:221:130755 Study programme Title: Kinesiology Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Access restricted to students and staff of home institution Terms of use Created on 2019-03-06 12:34:05
